系统挂载的一些限制
- 根目录/是必须挂载的，而且一定要先于其他mount point被挂载进来。
- 其他挂载点必须为已新建的目录，可任意指定，但一定要遵守必需的系统目录架构原则
- 所有挂载点在同一时间之内，只能挂载一次
- 所有分区在同一时间内，只能挂载一次
- 如若进行卸载，必须先将工作目录移到挂载点（及其子目录）以外。
/etc/fstab（file system table）
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=0b15699d-6b0c-4c41-91e8-b2a5fe113366 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=DBF9-FECA /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda3 during installation
UUID=2126dcda-b478-4b0f-bfc6-a29189440e46 none swap sw 0 0
LABEL=HHD1 /HHD1 ext4 noexec 0 2
LABEL=HHD2 /HHD2 ext4 noexec 0 2
LABEL=PHHD1 /PHHD1 ext4 noexec 0 2
语法
[Device] [Mount Point] [File System Type] [Options] [Dump] [Pass]
- 设置LABEL
e2label /dev/sdb HHD1 - 查看UUID
blkid /dev/sdb
<device>The device/partition (by /dev location, LABEL or UUID) that contain a file system.<mount point>The directory on your root file system (aka mount point) from which it will be possible to access the content of the device/partition (note: swap has no mount point). Mount points should not have spaces in the names.<file system type>Type of file system (auto, vfat, ntfs, ntfs-3g, ext4, ext3, ext2, jfs, iso9660, swap)<options>Mount options of access to the device/partition (see the man page for mount).<dump>Enable or disable backing up of the device/partition (the command dump). This field is usually set to 0, which disables it.<pass num>Controls the order in which fsck checks the device/partition for errors at boot time. The root device should be 1. Other partitions should be 2, or 0 to disable checking.
options
n the names.
3. <file system type> Type of file system (auto, vfat, ntfs, ntfs-3g, ext4, ext3, ext2, jfs, iso9660, swap)
4. <options> Mount options of access to the device/partition (see the man page for mount).
5. <dump> Enable or disable backing up of the device/partition (the command dump). This field is usually set to 0, which disables it.
6. <pass num> Controls the order in which fsck checks the device/partition for errors at boot time. The root device should be 1. Other partitions should be 2, or 0 to disable checking.
options
bai
sync/async- All I/O to the file system should be done (a)synchronously.auto- The filesystem can be mounted automatically (at bootup, or when mount is passed the -a option). This is really unnecessary as this is the default action of mount -a anyway.noauto- The filesystem will NOT be automatically mounted at startup, or when mount passed -a. You must explicitly mount the filesystem.dev/nodev- Interpret/Do not interpret character or block special devices on the file system.exec/noexec- Permit/Prevent the execution of binaries from the filesystem.suid/nosuid- Permit/Block the operation of suid, and sgid bits.ro- Mount read-only.rw- Mount read-write.user- Permit any user to mount the filesystem. This automatically implies noexec, nosuid,nodev unless overridden.nouser- Only permit root to mount the filesystem. This is also a default setting.uid- Set the owner and group of all files. (Default: the uid and gid of the current process.)gid- Set the owner and group of all files. (Default: the uid and gid of the current process.)umask- Set the umask (the bitmask of the permissions that are not present). The default is the umask of the current process. The value is given in octal.dmask- Set the umask applied to directories only. The default is the umask of the current process. The value is given in octal.fmask- Set the umask applied to regular files only. The default is the umask of the current process. The value is given in octal.defaults- Use default settings. Equivalent to rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async._netdev- this is a network device, mount it after bringing up the network. Only valid with fstype nfs.
dump & pass num
/一般为1 1swap一般为0 0其他分区一般为1 2云硬盘一般为0 2